gemini mobile
Evolution of the mobile app in the last 14 months:
Mobile Version 1
Mobile Version 2
Pay with Gemini
mobile v1
scope: MVP
timeline: August - Thanksgiving Mid December
design team: 2 UX, 3 visual (internal) + 4 product designers part time (agency)
Shortly after I started at Gemini as the first UX hire, I jumped into a new initiative to create a native mobile version of our web offerings. Before I had joined, Gemini was working with an external agency to build an MVP—initially I would be an internal resource as I onboarded fully. The agency had a few screens, and key “hero flows”, but not much foundation as far as information architecture or interaction design. One of the first things I did was to establish the transition from pitching concepts to designing for function by stepping back from the screens and focusing on the system we were building.
quick IA alignment doc
As a way to familiarize myself with our offerings and the scope of the mobile MVP, a mapped out the web information architecture and crafted a mobile version based on the key screens I had seen from our agency partner. I wanted to highlight which elements we were surfacing at the top level through color, and used this document to assess stakeholder and team alignment.
At this stage, I partnered with our new product manager and one of our front end developers to scope out the project using the IA document as our foundation. We then defined the requirements for key flows that hadn’t been addressed by the agency, starting with the buy flow experience. The initial deadline for this project was Thanksgiving, which meant working quickly and iteratively with the aim of providing functional chunks so that the agency developers could move forward without being blocked.
wireframes mapped to app navigation
In order to do so, I worked fairly non-linearly: establishing flows while defining a functional architecture and providing direction and feedback to our agency partners. I created several wireframe prototypes in Principle to get quick feedback from stakeholders and communicate interactions to both developers and the agency designers.
One of the biggest hurdles to clear was how to manage our onboarding process and Plaid integration. Plaid’s API would allow us to make the purchasing flow more seamless, but it also helped us with our comprehensive Know Your Customer/ Anti-money laundering checks. Since Gemini is a regulated Trust company in a generally mistrusted space, our risk and compliance standards are equivalent to that of a bank. However, uploading an ID to use our mobile app provided a lot of friction. Our Product Manager proposed the concept of a tiered onboarding structure to limit sign up friction while still limiting our exposure to risk.
whiteboarding onboarding tiers
I worked closely with frontend and backend engineers to design a solution that met product and compliance standards for a “basic tier” onramp to the Gemini platform. Through many white-boarding sessions and example prototypes, we collaboratively designed a system that accounts for:
a new basic tier (and corresponding account limits)
compliance checks
Flexibility in adding a funding source
ACH/wire instructions and potential account holds
Luckily, once the UX foundations, onboarding flows, and app wireframes were in a good place, we had another two more designers start at Gemini. Our visual designers established the new mobile design system, and I worked closely with the agency around any additional documentation and deliverables we would need to iterate.
At this time, I was also managing our internal product backlog, creating scripts for user testing, and creating comprehensive documentation (down to the specific page elements and mixpanel event types) for our developers to implement mixpanel tracking.
Unfortunately it became clear we weren’t going to make our Thanksgiving deadline. In order to launch a functional MVP as quickly as possible, we brought everything in house working nights and some weekends to get this done.



in the end…
We launched the Gemini mobile app in December of 2018 following user acceptance testing. While there were several things we knew we wanted to update and implement in future iterations, the mobile app launch was a big success, marking the company’s transition from a primarily institutional focused service to a retail platform.
$245mm volume, $5.3mm revenue
Six months after launch we saw big impact in terms of both trading volume and revenue through the mobile app. The percentage of first time users who signed up and transacted hovered around 8% with this version of the mobile app.
Retail user type advantage
This was by and large the first retail focused product from Gemini, which vastly expanded our potential users and shifted design goals from a traditional exchange view to making the world of crypto friendly and accessible to new or unexperienced crypto buyers.
mobile v2
👋 Toni ——>
“I would like to enter this in USD because I always only think about this stuff in dollars”
- User Testing Participant
After what can only be described as a mad sprint to release the mobile MVP, I took all of the internal testing data and documented/transcribed it. During this brief product downtime, I led a comprehensive synthesis pulling in people from the design, product and (new) mobile dev team. I believe it’s important to involve multiple perspectives throughout the design process for insights and new points of view, but also for collaboration and collective understanding. Following the synthesis, I cross referenced the interview data with our internal product backlog to create a new prioritized backlog based on qualitative user insights and mixpanel data. With the backlog set, we began work on our new retail web experience.
After a few months working on retail web, a new project came in. Our partnership with a company called Flexa would let users spend their crypto balances in physical stores, and we needed a solution for our app ASAP.
The initial ask was to find a way to get it in the app and easily test user actions. With that urgency in mind, following a very quick competitive analysis, I led the design team in a few quick brainstorming exercises, starting with crazy 8s to get people thinking creatively. Once all of those concepts were on paper, we started to group ideas based on organizational themes (time-based structure, dashboard structure and the like). We then took some time in pairs to refine concepts, and the visual designers iterated further.
Shortly after the initial explorations by the design team, the initiative was put on hold.
quick team sketches
my dashboard concept sketches
Although we wouldn’t be implementing the pay functionality at that time, I saw this as an opportunity to establish a mobile product strategy. I created a deck explaining what a strategy might look like, and why it makes sense for mobile, now. To collaborate with product managers and mobile development partners, I outlined how a User Experience Strategy consists of four components:
Business Strategy
Value Innovation
Validated User Research
Great UX
Before moving forward with new features, we were at a point where it would benefit us greatly to establish an extensible structure in order to evolve without having to rebuild. I explained that a two-track process would allow us to move forward in a low-risk way, while exploring innovative, valuable vision states.
While we were in the process of defining the business strategy for our mobile platform and ramping up ux research to define value innovation, we had a validated backlog to leverage in the short term. This primarily consisted of updating the architecture and usability issues based on previous internal testing and user experience backlog:
Split between creation and management for alerts and recurring buys is confusing
More info for cryptoverse, how the market weight is determined, what the lines mean, what you actually get
Users want to go to "my portfolio" to view and act on (withdraw) their balances
Tool tip on buying power (what it is, how to increase, etc) needed
People are generally confused and overwhelmed by "my account", expect it to be administrative only
Currency specific transaction history, or an easier way to review
Chart interaction, and comparison with past
This shorter term iterative approach would also gave our visual design team designated time to explore an updated look and feel of the mobile app.
use. manage. grow.
Long term, on the vision track, I explained that with a product like Flexa, we are uniquely positioned to translate an established financial mental model to the digital asset space. This would not only allow us to directly translate user goals of successfully using, managing, and growing their financials, but also provide context and direction for a holistic company vertical map. Though vertical maps have several forms, the main goal is to create alignment from directional, top-down initiatives, through executional, feature development. Typically, vertical maps look something like this:
Mission
Vision
Values/Principles/Priorities
Goals
Initiatives
Features
If our company goals (and subsequent initiatives and features) are defined by user needs, we are more likely to be able to assess value for both the user and Gemini as a business. This is a differentiation from one of our main competitors, whose focus is on the advancing the technology that powers cryptocurrencies opposed to empowering the users through the technology.
Working with another UX designer and my manager, the three of us created a deck and met with our company stakeholders to start the conversation around solidifying and explicitly defining the vertical map, especially as Gemini grew from 50 people when I first started, to over 200.
I did a competitive analysis looking at the industry landscape, facilitated discussions with our stakeholders to drive at the underlying why of Gemini and crypto in general, and even mapped our products (and potential future ones) into goals to show how the vertical map shapes our product offerings.
Mobile two-track process
Gemini products mapped to user goals
Final mobile v2 screens
$500 million in lifetime trading volume*
*as of mid March 2020
Mobile v2 has been very successful to date, offering a streamlined UX and an updated look and feel.
conversions
Our conversion rate has been hovering around 30%, which is a huge win for the design team, especially give hesitancy to update the design from the success of v1.
design team impact
Mobile v2 and our “use, manage, grow” framework really showed our stakeholders the value of a two track process while also giving the company a way to think about our product offerings.
gemini pay
After mobile v2 and a few other initiatives, Flexa came up again as a product initiative. Before the mobile v2 launch, I had worked closely with our creative director to translate our dashboard concept sketches into a functional testing ground for this new product. I wanted to find a way to incorporate “pay” while exploring user insights and other experience enhancements. Still, the biggest question for me was around the use case. As a user, why use Gemini pay? The real advantage is for the massively reduced transaction fees for merchants. One of the goals was to figure out how to design with potential use cases in mind.
Gemini Pay dashboard visual concept
Expanding on the “use, manage, grow” framework, we wanted to test a dashboard without comprehensively restructuring the entire app.From a UX perspective, the goal was to keep the Gemini Pay experience as simple as possible while clarifying technical restrictions around payment limits.
From a visual perspective, our creative director want to provide some hero moments when it came to making a purchase through Gemini. With those initial goals in the back of our minds, we had created comprehensive user goals and functional requirements in airtable, and grouped the work into epics and stories with dev input. It was around this time that the project was then put on hold.
Fast forward to January and Gemini Pay is back on!
I walked our new PM and visual designer through the previous iterations and requirements, outlining reasons why specific decisions were made. However, the business requirement of getting something in the app to test was no longer relevant, and following the “use, manage, grow” framework, we collectively decided to add it to the bottom navigation.
One of the advantages of waiting to integrate Flexa was that we could then look at the data from their Spedn app and get a better sense of user behavior. One of the insights we found was that users rarely use more than one currency for purchases. With that knowledge, and in order to simplify the notion of account vs. currency vs. merchant limits, I suggested we pull out the currency selection and clearly detail what is “Available to spend”, whether an account balance limit, or a limit based on how much the user could spend weekly.
Following some visual explorations, I quickly mocked up the updated screens leveraging our mobile components and ensuring visual consistency.
Quick UX mocks
Final visual design
…well?
We will see! There’s a lot of potential for this product, and we don’t expect to learn much soft launching during a global pandemic. BUT, exciting to see the “use, manage, grow” framework out in the wild!